I’ve always lived around coyotes with many cats, chickens and a chi; I worried about them but in all these years I’ve never lost one and I had 13 cats at one time. We’ve had a GP for most of those years which undoubtedly helped but I did still see coyotes close to the house, some passing through, some shopping. I think another good thing about a GP is they can be, or used to be (so many of them cranked out now), good judges of character. I’ve seen them watch some coyotes go through and let them go and then I’ve seen them chase. All the barkings though, all the time. And they need the same fence to keep them on the place that a coyote needs to stay out. They are great dogs but not a “toss it out there” solution.
Where I’ve lived the coyotes etc have had their natural food; our little homestead in the middle of nowhere was not a primary food source and we made sure it didn’t become one. We never fed cats outside, our chickens free ranged during the day but got locked up at night. Cats, I don’t know how they did it and we also had a weird white one that I always think the coyotes considered him “touched” b/c he had no fear of anything and lived a long long life.
I think coyotes are very different from one place to another. If I found myself in a situation where I knew the coyotes were coming around my place looking for food I’d have a close high fence for the little dogs by the house, maybe with an electric wire on the outside, and never leave them unattended. I’m a fan of electric fence for any/all purposes. I would be sure there wasn’t any food left out for barn cats or chickens left vulnerable. Not everyone wants a GP so while that CAN work it’s a whole other hairball to deal with, literally and figuratively. I have never had to worry about coyotes with horses/cattle and when we lived on a sheep ranch the GP took care of that so I’m more about the close stuff. It’s good that you’re out at all hours (1:30 AM) and when you do see them I’d discourage, protect your territory, air horn, bb gun, whatever you’re comfortable with to establish the boundary but not kill them all dead on sight. If these are there, others will fill that void if these are all shot and we’ve usually been able to get along with the ones we had around. Protect everything you can from them with fences, discouragement, etc and haze them away when you see them which should stop happening pretty quickly. I do think they need to learn that you don’t want them around so they have a healthy fear of people and don’t want to be by you. Fully admit that worked for us in MT will not work for everyone, this is just my experience. If you’re going to feed anything, feed all the little mice that live out away from your house lol
We do coyote hunts here too, well I don’t but my SIL’s do.
Where I live now we have wolves instead of coyotes for a variety of reasons. We haven’t had trouble with them (yet) but it could happen; they come through town.