Wow, I would be calling someone else if I got a consistant 10% bad bales in my hay loads. In most cases, I would not expect to have more than 5 bad bales in a LARGE load of hay, 400-500 bales on the semi truck. Often we don’t even get that many in a load. Hay guys take back bad bales, but we would be doing the running to trade for good bales. If you don’t buy close to home, the running can be expensive for fuel cost and wasting your time handling bales on, driving, bales off and replacement bales handled AGAIN once you get back home. But if you just dump 5+ bales, that is money totally wasted per bale. Maybe was OK when hay was $1 way back when, but not at $4-5 the bale.
We usually catch “bad bales” with the weight change from good to noticeably heavier bale when moving them into the barn storage or even onto the truck at seller’s farm. Heavier bales are put off to the side, we don’t take them to begin with. Exception is the treated hay in wet years, but then ALL the bales are heavy equally.
10% bad bales of FIFTY bales in a load for us, a whole pickup load of bad hay to return to seller, $250 cost to us for trash hay. Should NOT NEED to be returning that volume of hay for replacement. That is NOT an acceptable percentage level to us, we wouldn’t be shopping there next year unless NOTHING else was available. And around here there are quite a few hay sellers.
Check the bales of his first cutting. If it looks good, smells nice, it is probably good hay and I would buy a first cutting hay for our horses to eat. We prefer first cutting, they are all easy keepers, do fine on that kind of grassy hay. First cutting might have some early season weeds in it, weeds don’t return to be found in second or third cuttings of hay. Such weeds don’t bother the horses (or me) here, but can make my husband with touchy nose sneeze. The bales are NOT dusty or moldy, just have some seasonal plants that bother him.