Advice for bringing upper level horse back into work after a long time off

I’m not sure if this belongs here or in horse care but since the horse is an upper level dressage horse, and the goal - or hope at least - is to return as close to there as possible (it may not be possible), I thought I’d start here.

This horse is a Hanoverian who I have had since he was 6. We had competed through I-1 with modest (amateur) success and were working on I-2 when he was injured during turnout on February 1, 2022. He was at that time about to turn 20 but was in great shape; he’s not a large horse and has always been very fit and youthful. The injury was in the RF and was very tough to diagnose - presented like an abscess or bruise at first but did not resolve. An MRI (on the table at NC State) yielded nothing, and I brought him in early April, exactly a year ago, for a combination PET/CT scan at New Bolton, which finally gave us a primary diagnosis of a subchondral bone injury at the top of P3 near the fetlock joint, and a subsidiary injury in the coffin bone - pedal osteitis.

These are very tough injuries to heal especially for an older horse. It’s mostly time, though we also did whatever treatments might possibly help.

It’s now been 14 months since he was injured, and at our latest vet visit last week he was 100% sound on good footing, and reasonably sound - not 100% - on hard footing. The vet, who I trust fully, feels he has plateaued, and that I can begin riding him on good footing - he may never be completely sound at the trot on a small circle on hard footing, but if I avoid that he might well be completely fine. I won’t know what he is capable of - anything from back to his former level (though his age may make that impossible), to a trail horse, to somewhere in between - until I start to ride him.

But… I have no idea what plan to follow to get him fit, and specifically and eventually, fit for dressage work. For the past year he has been turned out, first alone in a small paddock, then eventually back into his regular field with a few other horses - stall rest is contraindicated for these bone injuries, and also he has asthma so it’s particularly terrible for him. So this isn’t like bringing back a horse who’s been on stall rest for a soft tissue injury, which I have a lot of experience with. He has no trouble running around in his field with his buddies and has plenty of room to do it! Plus he had maybe 16 years of training and consistent work before this injury.

On the other hand, he’s had more than a full year with no ridden exercise. He’s just a little fat but has no topline or hind end musculature. And he’s not young.

I don’t want to injure him again by rushing this, yet the vet doesn’t think I need to take baby steps. But all this leaves me totally floundering! Do I walk for two weeks? Do I walk on hills (hacking where I am is impossible without hills, many somewhat steep, and his pasture has hills in any event). Should I start trotting short intervals right away (that will all be in the arena)? On the bit? Argh!

Of course I will consult my trainer. But she would work him based on how he feels, and know exactly when to stop because he’s getting too tired, and my “feel” is not very good - to my great sadness, and despite constantly working at it, I’m just not very talented at the skills needed to be a good trainer.

So…is there anyone who has been in this or a similar situation, or who has knowledge of this sort of thing, who might have suggestions or advice about how I could structure a fitness/conditioning plan for this horse?

Thank you!

Back “in the day”…eg the dark ages when people gave the winter off to their horses, Bruce Davison had a series of VHS tapes on conditioning the 3-Day horse to competition fit from being in the pasture. His recommendation is to start 30 then 45 minutes of walking hills.

I am a fan of walk work. Here is Nuno Oliveira if you want to “do dressage”

As your horse gets used to work, you will be able to tell how much work to do.

Here is a link Bruce’s protocol for getting a horse ready for its first event out of the field. He talks about “lunging” at the walk. If you don’t want to lunge, just do the work under saddle

3 Likes

Dr. Hilary Clayton has a couple of resources on rehabbing horses and she was a co-author on a book(let) on bringing horses back into work after time off (Equestrian Canada released it: https://www.equestrian.ca/cdn/storage/resources_v2/vN8YPg6e5u7vSZyrj/original/vN8YPg6e5u7vSZyrj.pdf) The booklet might be the most helpful as it gives modifiers for age, health status, discipline, length of time off, etc.

10 Likes

Thank you, thank you, thank you, this is SO HELPFUL and exactly what I have been searching for and not finding! And from Hilary Clayton so I feel even better about relying on it! I wish I had gold stars to give you!

1 Like

My mare is coming off stall rest for a puncture and the back-to-work instructions have been great for guiding her work load (she feels great, just out of shape - she shouldn’t be huffing and puffing after a few minutes of trotting!) I spent way too much time looking for resources :sweat_smile:

I would walk for minimum 4 weeks. Remember the slower you go the better the chance at long term soundness. Build up to 45 minutes walk sessions then start trotting after 4 weeks starting with just 5 minutes of trot. Then add 5 minutes each additional week.

5 Likes

I know you are right. I need to walk for longer, or walk with, as the Hilary Clayton article says, 20 second trots. But it is so much harder than I expected. I have other horses, but I love this one so much, and it’s been 14 months, and with his age I feel like I’m running up against his biological clock lol… I have rehabbed many horses so patiently, but the urge to rush with this one is so strong.

I know I can’t rush. But at the same time - I don’t want to go more slowly than he needs to. It’s trying to figure out the ideal schedule that’s so difficult.

1 Like

A little tangetial, but I started a thread a few weeks about bringing back to work using a heart rate monitor to keep an eye on cardiovascular fitness. I haven’t made a decision on what to use, but if you want all the info, you might consider using one of those, in addition to following a good plan.

The walk is the mother gait. There is a story of Nuno Oliveira who got a horse in training to improve the piaffe and passage. The owner complained that all he ever saw Nuno do was walk. After a month, the horse was returned with spectacular piaffe and passage.

The walk work can help sharpen BOTH the horse and rider. The rider has time to feel and the horse has time to consider what is being asked.

Turns on the forehand
Turns on the haunches
Pirouettes
Circles in haunches-in
Walk to canter.
Walk to trot.
Reinback to canter.
Piaffe to canter.
Etc…Etc…Etc…you can canter 3-5 strides then walk on a long rein.

9 Likes

It depends on how fit your horse has kept himself in the pasture imho.

Walking is super important but short 30 sec/1 minute straight line trot sets are good to get that marching walk and finding forward. Some horses after a layoff might not be interested in leaving retirement the first couple weeks and can be sticky.

He does tend to be more of a fit type horse than a slug type horse (he’s also somewhat light and small for a Hanoverian). He gets turned out overnight all year round, and we recently had an unfortunate incident where a fence came down between his pasture and one that is empty at night. He and his three herd buddies escaped and went in walkabout, and the two older ones -one only 2 years older than mine - stayed in the nextdoor field, while he and the fourth, who is 7 years younger and the only one in active training now, wandered around the entire farm and were discovered at 5am cantering up the driveway! He gets a lot of turnout so isn’t crazy, but he has no hesitation about being active in the field.

He’s not the type to resent working. He does have a great walk so working at the walk isn’t hard, but I feel like he has to build cardio fitness and to regain strength in his soft tissues and bones, for which walking ultimately won’t be enough. That’s why I do like the idea of adding very short trot intervals fairly early on. My sense is that he doesn’t need a month of walking only, but I also don’t want to overface him or injure him. It’s tough not being able to talk to them lol!

I will search for that thread, thanks

Get your fav podcasts in and walk dressage tests. Your time will go by quicker than you think. You got this.

5 Likes

Any horse who has had significant time off needs 4 weeks of walking imo. Rehab is not something to short cut especially if it’s just because you’re excited to get back to it.

6 Likes

Many years ago, desperate for ANY new horse book, I went to a used book store and found “The Equine Athlete–New Horizons in Racehorse Conditioning” by Gary L. Wilson, DVM and Martha Mueller, Trainer (race horses), published by Veterinary Learning Systems, Princeton Junction, NJ in 1982.

Chapter 7 in this book is titled “The value of walking”. The authors REALLY BELIEVE in the value of walking the horse a good bit to get conditioning.

On page 61 “Briskly walking a horse increases its body’s maximum oxygen uptake, which is a precise measurement of cardiovascular fitness and capacity for endurance.”

On page 62 “According to experts in the field of exercise physiology, three to four miles of walking will produce the same aerobic benefits as one mile of running.”

On page 64 “Even though walking is a lower intensity activity than galloping , similar development takes place, provided the walking is done often and for long periods.”

Walking your horse, especially on hills, will get your horse fitter without risking its leg soundness. Walk your horse guilt free, you ARE conditioning the horse’s heart, lungs and muscles.

The authors were working with race horses who need to be quite fit to run. If it can help a race horse get fit it will help your own horse get fit too.

You are never wasting your training time walking your horse with purpose.

10 Likes

Glad to see this reference by a vet!!! The points above, that walking provides for cardiac fitness without pounding the joints was essentially the premise of Bruce Davidson’s training regime.

7 Likes

I recently went through a slow, careful rehab with my horse. As everyone has said, walking, walking, and more walking was one of the important factors in his recovery.

My vet advised that for building strength, the best approach is two days work, one day off, two days work, one day off, etc. Adhering to her advice allowed us to make a very good recovery.

2 Likes

And get things going strong from the beginning with core strengthening exercises :cowboy_hat_face:- here is Narelle Stubbs presenting and showing how to do them: Narelle says, “You wake up those muscles before you get on.”

3 Likes

Okay! Thank you for this, it’s extremely interesting and helpful and I will save it.

Despite my impulse to rush, I never intended to do so at the expense of my horse’s well-being and health. I just have been uncertain how to proceed. Walking - with purpose, and possibly at some point in some hills - for a while definitely seems to be the way to go.

2 Likes

I wondered whether I should start to introduce Equibands for some of his walking. Core strength has always been a bit of an issue for him, and I’ve always done a series of carrot stretches regularly to help with this, but we fell out of the habit during his time off, mostly because he was turned out much of the time.

1 Like