Bastardized Strangles

I have a quick question. A year and a half ago, a horse at the barn I board at contracted strangles. We were put under quarantine by the state vet. The mare continued running a fever long enough that we were on quarantine for 90 days. She never blew out any abcesses.

The mare hasn’t been quite right since then. Drops weight periodically, goes off her feed, owner has had several colic episodes with her. This last week she started having trouble pooping or peeing. Vet came out, found a mass inside the size of a basketball with a rectal exam. They ran some tests and determined she has bastardized strangles. The owner doesn’t have the money for the recommended surgery, and she is an older mare, so she doesn’t want to put her through it, which I understand. What I don’t understand is she doesn’t want to euthanize her “unless she gets real bad”. iMO the mare is already real bad. She has dropped 300lbs in about 2 weeks, stands in one corner, and is barely eating more than a few mouthfuls of grain a day.

Anyways, my question is, will we be under quarantine again? Is she still contagious? She is pastured in a pasture that borders my pasture. My horses are of course vaccinated, but it still really concerns me. I have a call into her vet, to see if we are going to be put under quarantine and a call into my vet as well, I just found out all of this today. Thanks in advance!

I thought the treatment was generally antibiotics and not surgery.

They are going to try antibiotics but the vet says it’s most likely too late for that, due to the size of the abcess, and she probably has more. He told the owner her best bet is surgery (with outcome not known, because they don’t know how much they are dealing with until they open her up), or euthanasia.

Your question is whether ‘bastardized strangles’ is infectious requiring further quarantine. I’m guessing not or you’d already be on quarantine. Let us know what the vet says. I agree with you. It certainly sounds like the mare is going down and will not recuperate without iffy surgery. I’d make the hard decision and put her down. I’m about to do that with our dog. To keep him alive would be doing it for myself - not for him. He deserves better. If you can, help the mare’s owner make the decision.

1 Like

My horse was stalled with 3 horses that had strangles around him – nose touching – we were under quarantine so I had to wait it out. He wasn’t vaccinated for strangles, but never got it.

I am now in Ventura county – 12 miles from Los Angeles county – and if strangles is found in LA they are quarantined, but not required in Ventura. I wouldn’t worry too much

I have talked several times with the owner. Gently, of course. The mare is barely eating and has lost hundreds of pounds in a few weeks. She stands in one corner of her paddock and doesn’t move. She isn’t engaging with her owner when she used to be very social. She will occasionally perk up in the evening and her owner says she gets hopeful, but by the next day, she is back to her new “normal”, lethargic, depressed, standing and staring off into space. I told her it’s a kind thing to do to let her go quietly, peacefully, before she goes down and it’s an emergency or pain from one of the abcess bursting. This morning she said she is leaning towards letting her go. She is going to do the 10 day of antibiotics so she feels she tried, and then if she isn’t picking upeating, or energy, she is going to have her euthanized. I understand it is a hard decision, so I have been gentle but truthful with her.

Her vet called the barn owner back, said the abcesses should be walled off, and thus not infectious. He said it is not reportable to the state vet.

My vet called me back this morning, and said sort of the same thing, not reportable unless nasal discharge/respiratory symptoms/active case. Not infectious UNLESS the abcess bursts. In which case, the horse will go down and literally die, and then the area she is in WILL have the active disease. He said that in this case, prognosis is extremely poor, you couldn’t pay him to open her up (she is probably riddled with it, and surgery would most likely not have a good result and most likely the decision to euth would be made on the table), and that she should be euthanized in a remote part of the property, and be buried and NOT opened up for an autopsy etc.

Then, my friend who boards there, her vet gave some different information. She said that she WOULD keep our horses from direct contact as a precaution (which we are doing right now, I closed the pasture gate for the pasture that borders this mare’s pasture), and that legally it SHOULD be reported and we should be put on quarantine, and that most likely the state vet would make the owner euth to protect the spread if she were to rupture spontaneously.

UGH. So I don’t know what to believe, there really isn’t a ton of information on bastardized strangles that I can find, but I do believe my vet’s information because I know he is a good vet, one of the best in the area, and has never steered me wrong.

This boarder also has 2 other horses which are pastured with this mare, one of which is stalled in the front barn (not my barn but where some other boarders keep their horses as well), so it worries me if the mare ruptures…and this horse picks it up and brings it to the other boarder’s horses in the front barn, who are pastured in different pastures with different horses throughout the farm, effectively possibly spreading through the whole farm.

And, myself as well as another boarder routinely leave the farm for schooling, trail riding, as well as I have my mare’s first show coming up in August. Now I am not so sure I should do any of that until this is resolved

I’m not a vet, but I would be careful about biosecurity around this horse. On the one hand, the infection is not the classic upper respiratory tract strangles, so the horse isn’t necessarily propelling infectious bacteria out into its environment every time it breathes. But on the other hand, even if the abscesses from the metastatic infection are internal and thus “walled off”, the horse is still brewing an active bacterial infection and without knowing more about the treatment/testing I wouldn’t be confident that the infection is limited to locations that do not create a risk for bacterial shedding. For example, bacteria can persist in the gutteral pouches for months to years, according to the 2018 AVMA update on strangles.

When conditions are reportable to state or county authorities, that should set off some alarm bells, but those are not the only situations where a horse owner should exercise caution. For example, strangles has traditionally been on the reportable disease lists for about a third of the states in the U.S. (looks like it was also recently added to the national list of reportable animal diseases), but the actual risk of spreading infection never varied by state. In any case, what is on the reportable disease list is “streptococcus equi equi”, not “regular strangles” vs. “bastard strangles”. That implies to me that if the disease is reportable, any infection with that bacterium (whether in the upper respiratory tract or elsewhere in the body) should trigger the required reporting procedures. There are some diseases that have different reporting requirements for different forms (e.g. EHV-1 has a shorter reporting window in many states if neuro symptoms are present). Again, I’m not a vet, but I don’t see evidence that bastard strangles is excepted from any reporting requirements for that disease. Sounds like there’s been some recent updates to the standard guidelines for diagnosing/reporting/treating this disease, so if I were in your shoes I’d be careful to seek advice from a vet who keeps up to date on advances/continuing ed (which not all good vets do, unfortunately), or to consult with a big teaching hospital that is likely to stay on top of infectious disease recommendations and requirements. It may be that your state only requires reporting of animals with upper respiratory symptoms, but it seems like one of those better-safe-than-sorry situations in any case.

I feel really bad for that poor mare – doesn’t sound like there’s likely to be a happy ending for her – and also for the folks at your barn who may end up having to endure another quarantine if the treating vet is above board w.r.t. reporting.

2 Likes

I don’t have any words of wisdom but I was just wondering: I’ve always heard the term, “bastard strangles” used. Is it now called “bastardized”?

No its bastard strangles but I was afraid that writing “Bastard” on the topic might somehow be reportable to the board :lol: . Stupid I know, but not being a person who curses that much, it sat wrong with me to put it in the topic.

But yes, you are correct, it is bastard strangles technically.

1 Like

I think I may send an email to the state vet today. Ask her questions, since she is probably the most educated on communicable diseases. I think I still have her email somewhere because she was kind enough to have given it to me for questions during our quarantine last year. Since I am the one who takes care of a lot of the horses (not the one with strangles, or her 2 pasture mates), I had to go over the biosecurity protocol when she came out and I was the lucky person who had to change clothes, wash, disinfect boots like 10 times twice a day between handling horses in different pastures and both barns.

I am aware of biosecurity protocol, but in speaking with the owner of the mare this morning, she believes it is not necessary and continues to bring one of the pasture mates into the front barn to stall everyday. I am frustrated, because even last year we had her and one other boarder who I repeatedly caught not following the protocol because it was “such a hassle”, and I had to get the barn owner involved to impress upon them the seriousness of the illness several times.

There I was feeling sympathy for the mare’s owner knowing how hard it is to put a horse down. After reading your last paragraph preceding this… I now think she’s quite irresponsible.

You might also call U.C. Davis. They’ve been very helpful to me several times - including running tests on hay and water.

It does sound like you need to get the owner involved again. Ultimately, she’s the one liable if horse’s become infected if she didn’t take proper precautions. good luck

I’m having a terrible time starting my own thread… no button to do so? I read this as I am searching for more information on Bastard Strangles. My horse may have it, and has a swollen head neck that is not maturing to an abcess internal or external. (He’s already blown 3 but then had to go on antibiotics due to continued fever) He stocked up on same side hind so I am freaking out a bit with these symptoms. He has no nasal discharge and his guttural pouches were clean but the side he’s been blowing abscesses on was compressed. Today poll is more swollen. First symptoms appeared June12. Anyone else able to chime in on experiences with an older horse that had a rough time? thanks in advance!

If you think your horse has strangles isolate him and get a vet out today. Or yesterday. If you have already presumably got a vet involved and it wasn’t strangles, then it’s unlikely the same continuing symptoms indicate strangles.

Bastard strangles are when the same bacteria sets up hidden abscesses within the body. Horses can have abscesses from other causes and bacteria including slivers or foreign bodies or puncture wounds under the skin.

Hi, yes Vet has been involved but was not able to comment on the possible causes of swelling of the head/poll region. Not that many cases around my area. Was looking for someone who has had their Strangles case turn to Bastard Strangles to see how it started out.

I think you may want to see if there is another veterinarian or veterinary clinic in your area that has more experience with Strangles or that can help guide your veterinarian with regards to treatment for your horse. What you have described so far sounds like a potential Strangles complication know as Purpura hemorrhagica. Common symptoms of this include swelling of th poll, head, and/or limbs that does not mature to abscesses. This is a serious complication if this is indeed what your horse may be experiencing. I’m sorry you’re going through this and wish you the best of luck.

1 Like