It appears that the little girl is pressing on the dog’s windpipe right before the dog snaps.
The dog has tried hard to put up with everything until then. Then she presses her arm around his neck, straight against the dog’s throat. The dog lifts his head apparently attempting to get relief and warn her to let go, but the girl doesn’t change her pressure.
The little girl was also innocent in this, she was being coached by the adults. She couldn’t know to do anything differently.
I feel very sad that the dog may have suffered consequences. The adults don’t seem to know anything about dog behavior.
IMO there are people who see animals more as props and toys than as living beings with innate reactions. It seems to be an attitude that is passed down from generation to generation. And/or the people don’t have prior experience with animals if they didn’t grow up with them.