Diagnosis! Update — Facial Paralysis - Want to play the COTH version of Dr. House? (vet is involved)

First, before I go into history my mare has been seen by my vet, tests are ordered, and next steps would be going to UC Davis. I’m looking for thoughts from others who have gone through something similar to make sure as I go through the process I don’t miss any questions I could be asking. If it wasn’t my horse, I would say this a super interesting case. So, here we go…


I have the mare that never does anything halfway with her health. We are either 100% good to go or it’s something super bizarre. A week ago she presented with what could have been choke or could have been a bee, spider, or wasp sting in her mouth.

I was cleaning stalls and had just given supplements when she went NQR. She was making a sucking motion with her mouth. It looked like her tongue was swelling. She was wild-eyed but allowed me to stick my entire hand in her mouth to clear out debris. Note she never lets me do that if she is healthy. Vet came out for an emergency call within an hour. Sedated, a full inspection was done including using a speculum to get up in the mouth. No sign of puncture wounds. No bumps. Just the strange sucking behavior and she was clearly having swallowing issues. Dex and Banamine were given. Noticeable improvement that night and the next day.

The night after the horse had an elevated temp (101.4) and was NQR. Consulted with the vet, Banamine given. All was well. Somewhere in the next 5 days (maybe the next day) I did see here take a large mouthful of hay and have it get a little stuck. She put her head down and backed up, but cleared it. I assumed the mouth/tongue/throat was a little sore from a bite and she was reacting to that.

Sunday I go out to clean and feed in the morning. She had unilateral facial paralysis on the right side of her face. No signs of trauma (we will get to that in a bit). Vet was called immediately and she came right out. Took blood. We opted to only do a standard panel to make sure we did not overload with info. I know you all are thinking EPM… we will get there. Dex and Banamine given again. The horse was almost immediately more comfortable. She was able to eat again. Sticking and dunking her muzzle in water provided clear relief. The Vet said she had feeling in her face, so the paralysis was more motor-related. Still trying to figure out that comment…

The paralysis involves her left ear, eye, tongue, and lip. She is getting ointment to keep that eye moist as she can not totally close the lid and there is a lack of tears

This morning, no noticeable improvement. If I want to make myself feel better I would tell you her ear is maybe moving a little and she seems to be able to close the eye a little more. If I’m honest, it sucks and there is no change. The vet is coming out to do a neuro panel today. Onwards with the EPM, Lyme, West Nile, Herpes blood work. I’m all for running tests, but sometimes I go one thing at a time so we don’t get too many results that confuse the info coming in.

Other things to consider:

  • The horse is not lame
  • There are no wobbling, tripping, or gait abnormalities
  • It was a sudden onset both times
  • There is no topline wasting
  • There is no depression
  • There have been no mood changes
  • The horse has not been acting out during groundwork or under saddle
  • The night before the first episode the almond orchard next to us sprayed and it was the worst drift I have ever experienced. I have all the spray tank content info.
  • The night before the facial paralysis, they sprayed again, although not as close
  • The horse was housed for six years at two barns next to or close to a horse who was diagnosed with EPM, or at least had the test, was positive for antibodies, was treated, and subsequently euthanized for DSLD issues and unspecified motor problems.
  • The horse lives at home. I have never seen a possum here, although my neighbor claims to have one in their yard.
  • Six years ago she had a rotational fall trying to escape an arena and landed very slowly, but did land on her head/neck
  • There is no trauma that I can see, but I do have a video of her the night before (3am) banging her head behind her left ear, about the time they were spraying, but her face was fine. By 9 AM she had the paralysis.
Thoughts? What do you think I should be looking for? Also, just send some jingles. I am so devastated. I have been through hell with this mare. Just got her sound and was on my way to getting back on.

This may or may not be at all helpful, but I knew a colt who developed a temporary paralysis like what you’re describing after he was laid down to be gelded. The buckle on the halter pressed on a facial nerve long enough to cause some damage.

It lasted … geez, maybe a week? A few days? … before he was back to normal.

So I could totally see that a sting or smacking her head could cause some swelling that could compromise the nerve, and would expect it to last a few days/week ish and then go away.

I hope she’s better soon!

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So very sorry your poor mare is going through this. I hope UCD has some answers for you. If she is only presenting with paralysis on one side, and that’s the side she was banging her head behind her ear, it sounds like specific nerve involvement from trauma. There are treatment options, if this is the case, including massage, heat, laser. Here’s an article that might give you some ideas. Prognosis improves with early diagnosis and treatment. https://www.merckvetmanual.com/nervo…nd%20nostrils.

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I had a mare many years ago who had a one-sided facial paralysis from a fall–she flipped over backwards and (I guess?) hit her head. Lip, ear, and eye drooped. Vet was worried she could not/would not drink because she had no muscle tone on the droopy side. She figured it out–tilted her head so that side was under the water. And managed to eat (in fact never missed a meal–she was a tough old OTTB).

She improved gradually, and within 6 months was just about back to normal, but always had a slight ear tilt on that side. If you did not know what had happened, you might not notice it.

Jingling for you and your mare.

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Up to date on Tetanus vaccine?
I know you said examined and no puncture wound was found… however… Horses being horses n’ all…

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Watch her eye on that side. I had a gelding have the same type of issue (one sided paralysis of the face) and as he could not blink well, he punctured his eye with a piece of hay. If it happened to a horse of mine now, I would find a racing goggle to put over the eye on the affected side.

As best we could diagnose (Colorado State University Vet School) he had swelling around his ear, that put pressure on the facial nerves and caused the paralysis. Not a detailed diagnosis, or anything that really gave us any understanding of why it happened.

He did recover about 95% of the movement on that side of the face, but he always had a droopy lip on that side.

Care – I basically massaged his face several times a day and he got anti-inflammatory drugs. A TENS unit was suggested, but at that time those were not readily available. He did end up with a blind spot in the affected eye which limited his career as a show horse, but not his quality of life.

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Yep. Everything is up to date vaccine wise. I am religious about that. Good call though.

thanks for the suggestion. She is at home. Fly mask on 24-7. Applying ointment 2-3 xs a day.

this reminds me that I forgot to get the name of the acupuncture person. I’ve been massaging her face and poll where she will let me.

What is NQR?

Have you ruled out an inner ear infection on that side?

NQR = Not Quite Right

That one is “not quite right” :slight_smile:

Related to ADR… “ain’t doin’ right” 😂

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No… adding it to the list. Hubby and I were talking about that. There has been some ear rubbing and other behavior before, so it’s a possibility. Today we did the EPM, West Nile, Lyme, and some other panel with all the Western neuro viruses and diseases. If it comes back negative we go to ear infection, temporohyoid osteoarthropathy, and other screening for trauma. It’s all so odd.

When the vet came out she did agree the eye was a little better. My mare is on a decreasing dose of dex and banamine for the next few days while we continue to compile test results. In the lead with the differential diagnosis is 1) trauma, 2) EPM, 3) Temporohyoid osteoarthropathy

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I hope they find out the cause as well as get her back to 100%! Thank you for keeping us updated. Jingles for a full recovery!

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Only one I’ve seen with same exact presentation was temporohyoid osteoarthropathy. Some paralysis resolved after I believe 6 months but mare was never the same, sadly. She did have a lot of other issues though.

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Interesting. It’s on the list of one of three possibilities. Do you know if the owner did the surgery for it? It’s a really strange diagnosis. There are several reasons we are leaning towards that vs. EPM. Won’t know for a bit though what we have.

FYI, there are other ‘critters’ that can transmit the protozoa for EPM, not just possums. Also EPM symptoms don’t always line
up with ‘typical’, and can come and go with severity. EPM can be very slow to show symptoms, sometimes horses can carry the
infection for years before symptoms erupt.

From your description, it sounds like CN VII (facial nerve) problem. Absent trauma, temporohyoid osteoarthropathy, as suggested above, would be high on my list.
Might be worth endoscopy of the guttural pouch to r/o an infection there as the problem.

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This would be my suggestion as well. It raised my red flags when your initial guesses were choke or animal bite because that’s what my gelding’s very rare salivary gland infection initially looked like. Abscesses developed inside his head, those can easily put pressure on all those important nerves. My vet is excellent, but he was not able to detect those in the field & we only found them when he referred us to the NCSU hospital & they did an ultrasound & needle biopsy. Horse did also have a weird growth develop in one guttural pouch, never did figure out what it was, it eventually healed. I also have horses who are good at bizarre things & fully endorse “go big or go home,” you have my empathy.

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