Free feeding a pony

So, I bought a new pony and I am trying to figure out the best feeding program for him.

Pony currently lives out in a dry lot babysitting a yearling. He has 24/7 access to an orchard grass round bale in a net, and they give him a handful of alfalfa in the mornings/evenings to keep him from trying to steal the yearling’s food. They have been keeping him with 24/7 hay access for the last 6 years. He isn’t in work, and while not morbidly obese, he could stand to lose some weight. He’s a 15 year old 10hh Shetland. According to the previous owner he’s not chubby when he is in work.

New situation will have pony living alone in a stall/run combo that is about half the size of his current set up. Run is roughly the size of your average round pen. It’s on the end so it bulges out. He’ll have neighbors so not completely alone, just no playful baby companions to occasionally encourage him to move. He will be back in work though, and the plan is to get him out and driving 4-5 times a week, after a leg up period. Turnout is limited. I don’t feel comfortable trying to work him into one of the full size horse herd groups that go out together 3 times a week, which leaves me with 1 day a week and whenever I can squeeze him into the empty arena/turnout. There is grass in the turnout, so I am 99% positive he would spend his entire turnout time eating even if I could get him out more.

I would like to continue the 24/7 access to orchard grass, and cut the alfalfa snacks. Barn is self care, so it would be easier for me, though there is a co-op I could work with that would throw the hay I set up in advance. I also like the idea of him always having something to munch on, as it is what he is used to. I am worried that with a smaller area he won’t move as much, and might not lose weight.

Thinking an orchard bale in a slow feed net/feeder 24/7 in the stall and a daily ration balancer that doesn’t add a lot of calories and adjust from there.

My two are in a dry lot + stalls/run in and on pasture. The dry lot has a (recently acquired) hay hut with a round bale, no slow feeder net. In the past I supplemented pasture with a round bale in the winter and they got a bale of fescue (40-45lbs) a day in a hay rack. Summer program was enough hay to keep them busy (about 15-20lbs) during the day when locked in the dry lot and out all night on pasture with muzzles. This summer, same program except instead of square bales, they will have the roundbale in the hay hut.

The characters in question are the world’s easiest keeping TB, 12 and a full time pasture puff. Since he was a yearling I have had people argue with me as to whether he is a quarter horse he’s such a chunk (his name is Lido, his porn, I mean quarter horse name is Peppy San Lido Boonsabar). So he’s in ZERO work and even when he was in work, he was one of those horses that got a handful of food and hay. The other is a coming 8 year old Fjord who is in heavy work, full on CDE fitness program, lean machine. In summer it’s just riding, dressage and trail, so not the same level of work by a long shot. He’s also, as fjord’s go, not an air fern (by normal horse standards he’s an air fern though).

So these guys could BOTH become morbidly obese when I added the 24/7 access to the RB. And I’m not gonna lie, I timed adding it to the program with the onset of an increase in work and decrease in pastures. They HOOVERED the first 4 round bales, I mean blew through them in 10-11 days. I cut back on extra alfalfa for the Fjord during that phase. Now they are much more restrained, and bales are lasting 2.5 to 3 weeks. In fact I had to up the fjord’s alfalfa hay as we peaked in training. And the TB has a hay belly to be sure, but it’s kind of what you would expect. He hasn’t really added weight.

So I guess if it was my pony and I knew this is how he was on free choice grass hay and I knew his workload was going up, I would start with free choice, no slow feeder and see if he still paces himself. If he doesn’t, then add the slow feeder.(Nibble nets and grazing muzzles are hard on the tooth surface wear, so if you don’t have to use them, I have to believe that is better. If you do, well that damage is way better than the alternative!) Then you can keep an eye on him and see if he is growing in girth faster than he is gaining fitness!

Very rarely does a shetland need 24/7 access to hay. 2 large hay feedings should be sufficient even when he is in work with you. If needed you could add a 3rd.

As he ages you have more risk for metabolic issues and getting some weight off and keeping him fit will help.

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I don’t feel comfortable trying to work him into one of the full size horse herd groups that go out together 3 times a week

I am not sure why you are dismissing the possibility of turning him out with full sized horses. There are plenty of Shetlands who do fine with “full sized” horses.

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He’s a Shetland, chances are he will boss around the big horses.

Put the hay is the pillow nets if he doesn’t have shoes otherwise try one of those treat balls where they have to work for their food.

Personal experience, what we all base our willingness to take risks on. Plenty of small horses go out with large horses and are just fine, yes, but, I have personally seen a large horse snap a mini’s leg while stomping at flies. They were happily grazing next to each other. I have also seen what happens to an overgrown mini on the losing end of a mild argument with a full sized horse. It didn’t survive the trauma. My new guy is not much bigger than a mini, and it is just not a risk I am willing to take.

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Free feeding seems to be working so far. I left him with a ton of hay he only took a few bites out of before deciding that scrounging for the tiny handful of grass blades scattered around the quarantine pen was more worthy of his time and effort.

The grass would probably be a bigger risk than the other horses, but it’s hard to say without seeing the pasture and without knowing how many other horses are turned out together.

24/7 access to hay is not usually recommended for most ponies. “Wild” or feral ponies don’t get hay, they eat all kinds of browse which is far less nutritious. So you will have to watch and adjust as necessary.

I have 3 full sized horses, a pony and a mini. The only one that really needs 24/7 access to hay is my 25 year old TB mare. The others are all better off with 2-3 feedings of hay/day and making them work to eat it all before they get any more. Otherwise they gorge themselves and waste it. So they are fat and expensive.

Week 1 of my free feeding experiment had my pony consume slightly less than one 50lb bale of coastal hay in 7 days. Averaging right around 7 pounds of hay per day. I did end up putting the hay in a 2 inch hole haynet to reduce waste. I checked to make sure his feet wouldn’t fit in the holes before hanging it. Pony weighs around #350 and is eating pretty much exactly what he should be. I am adding a ration balancer, but other than that I am very happy with the results. Once he is in regular work I’ll re-evaluate.

He’s just not that big an eater, which you wouldn’t know from the way he mugs me for treats when I get anywhere near him. (He’s no longer being hand fed treats,and the mugging is being corrected.)

Lucky you to have a pony who self-regulates! can he teach mine? :slight_smile:

I wouldn’t do a ration balancer but instead something like california trace mixed in with a handful of soaked beet pulp.