Horse rubbing mane, tail and face raw.. Lice? Mites??

I have a 8 year old OTTB who recently (over the course of about 7 days) started itching and rubbing his mane, tail, face and neck really badly, to the point of removing large patches of hair. He is also rubbing the underside of his face raw, and right above his stifles as well. He has rubbed his mane so badly that there are quarter sized bald patches from his withers up to the crest of his neck, and the bald patches are very crusty with dried serum. I typically groom him 4+ times per week, and up until about a week ago, I thought his winter coat was looking nice! Quite shiny with no apparent issues. He is a typical thin-skinned TB, hates to be brushed even with the softest of brushes, but now he is practically euphoric when I groom the areas he has rubbed raw. The skin underneath the areas he has rubbed raw (with the exception of the crest of his neck) looks healthy enough, but I’m very alarmed at how much hair he has removed in a few short days, especially since he has NEVER rubbed or itched any part of his body since I’ve owned him (3 years), not even his tail which seems to be quite common. As of two days ago, when I run my hands lightly over his coat, I occasionally come across a small scab that feels like an individual rain rot scab, but it’s not rain rot. I’m wondering if these scabs are the catalyst that creates rubbing, maybe some type of parasite/bug area?

He is not clipped, and typically alternates between a light sheet indoors and a medium weight high neck turnout when he’s outside, which hasn’t been that much this winter due to crazy NY weather. None of his barn mates are showing any signs of skin problems, and he is turned out with other horses.

He currently eats a few quarts of soaked alfalfa cubes daily, plus 4 lbs. oats, 1 cup freshly ground flax, and free choice timothy/grass hay. He was on SMZ’s a couple of weeks ago for a small infection on his leg due to a cut, but didn’t show any signs of skin issues while on them (he has been on them once before as well, with no issues). I recently started him on Probios as well.

The vet came out and looked at him, and recommended a dose of ivermectin which I gave him, in addition to lice/mite powder applied topically, but did not do any skin scrapings. It’s too cold to bathe currently, but I plan to as soon as the weather warms slightly. I’ve gone over his body with a fine tooth comb and a flashlight to try to spot any lice or eggs, but haven’t found anything. Because I haven’t seen any signs of lice or eggs anywhere, I’m concerned that something else is bothering him! Has anyone dealt with lice or mites that were invisible in spite of careful scrutiny? Pouring lice powder on his ravaged skin also seems risky, considering the warning labels on the bottle instructing to “remove any clothing the powder touches immediately”, but the vet did not seem too concerned when I brought it up. He’s healthy and well cared for, so it also seems odd that he would be susceptible to lice or mites.

Any thoughts or advice would be greatly appreciated!

I had a little mini come in with lice that weren’t easily seen. He exhibited all the behavior that your guy did and when treated with ivermectin and lice powder the little devils were very easily seen in the coat as they died and came to the surface. I would think that if it was lice you’d see them after the powder treatment.

Did the vet recommend any topical relief, such as Equiderma? That helped my little guy’s itching quite a bit.

I wonder if lice or mites was ruled out if your vet could prescribe some type of itch relief. Could it be allergies of some type?

Perhaps the limited turnout is causing extra stress?

The above things stood out to me. I think you can usually see lice on the hair. Are all of his itched out, bald patches crusted with dried serum, or just where he rubbed his mane? I don’t know if lice cause crusting. If crusting is everywhere and there also scabs on his coat, might be some sort of fungus or other organism. I wonder if the SMZ’s threw off his microflora, since it sounds like that was almost the trigger? Can you explain what his “ravaged skin” looks like? Does he look like any of the horses with bald spots in the photos when googling horse lice itch? In some of those photos you can see lice on the hair.

Interesting, I just had the same problem with what sounds like the same horse (TB, not clipped, 9 years old, gets a cup of flax, never had itchy problems, etc). Does he have any dandruffy / flaky spots? Mine was desperately itchy for a few months, was balding (and broke open the skin a few places from rubbing) and also had the occasional single bump which felt to the touch like a sole rain rot scab, but wasn’t (same as you described). However, his actual mane and tail never seemed itchy - just places on his body.

You say it is too cold for bathing - the last thing I tried before mine got better was more intense currying plus a series of 50/50 water/ vinegar baths (don’t rinse off the vinegar). I would try this as soon as you get a warmish day, as it can’t hurt. I can’t prove that vinegar baths cured my horse, but I can say malaseb baths, benadryl, and a cortisone shot from the vet had no effect.

Also, mine had a couple weeks of whole body dandruff that went away, followed by isolated patches of dandruff where the hair was growing back on rubbed bare places. Just weird.

This is typical of Neck Thread Worms (Onchocerca).

There is a very informative thread titled “something to kill adult Onchocerca” if you can find it.

It contains the worming protocol to get rid of them.

Ok I googled “onchocerca horse neck threadworms” :eek::eek::eek:

OMG … I had wormed my horse couple weeks before he got better. So - maybe vinegar wasn’t magical. Maybe was was full of evil onchocerca, which I REALLY wish I didn’t know existed. Excuse my while I lean over the side of my chair and yak into my trash can.