I’ve had barn cats for over thirty years without owning my own barn. I’ve moved cats several times when I’ve relocated the horse(s). The first time I had all five ear tattooed (pre-microchip days) just in case. We moved via car and in regular cat carriers, let them quiet down in the carriers at the new location and just turned 'em loose. Only once did I have one go AWOL for a couple of days, but he was just checking out the new neighbourhood. (Note: all my cats are spayed/neutered. A female in heat or a tom looking to get lucky is far less likely to stick around and a lot more likely to get injured in a fight or go too far from the barn for safety. Not to mention that I don’t ever want a repeat of the summer when we had 35 kittens born to four unspayed females who were already resident at the barn we had just moved to!)
Four of those original cats went on to be relocated again five years later along with eight others that we “inherited”. Again, no issues although a couple did disappear within a few days. However, I am fairly certain that it was due to coyote predation.
Cats are very territorial but once they realize that they have a new territory, they figure things out pretty quickly. Over the years, I have ALWAYS fed my barn cats only once daily, in the early evening or late afternoon, depending on barn hours. That’s for a reason: that’s when I am usually at the barn and I want to do a head count once I arrive. They know I mean “food” to them and they’re not stupid!
And with respect to the “queen bee” female, if there are cats already inhabiting the new location, she may find that she’s no longer top of the heap! At least that’s what happened to my former super tough females (now spayed) when they moved into barns with resident unspayed momcats with kittens. There is no tougher cat on the planet than a momcat with kittens to defend!