All eqidae within the EU have to be accompanied by an identification document [aka “passport”] during their movements [this includes travelling to shows] and this identification document shall be issued for the lifetime of the animal.
There are 3 elements to the ID of the horse:
- a single lifetime identification document (the passport) including a narrative and a diagrammatical description
- a method to ensure an unequivocal link between the identification document and the animal: microchipping, DNA testing, retinal scans.
- a database maintained by the passport issuing body [e.g. the breed registery or stud book] recording, under a unique ID number, the identification details relating to the animal for which the ID doc was issued to the keeper who submitted the application for the ID doc.
Each EU nation is obliged to maintain a central database for all eqidae within their national borders. This is hugely important for animal and human disease surveillance, animal welfare, crime and fraud prevention. We had a scandal about horse meat in the human food chain a few years ago and it focused the UK govt enough to finally get behind that central data base.
The Irish seller should have the paper passport, the horse should have a microchip, the breed registery should have a unique ID number for that horse linked to the microchip. Changing the name and sticking on a commercial suffix to tempt a buyer should not alter the ID of the horse - because the new keeper should have registered the name change with the passport issuer.
The system works well until a seller fails to hand on the passport [illegal] or a buyer doesn’t change details of ownership [similarly]. Both can and do happen, obviously, BUT the value of the horse frequently lies precisely in the docs. Think of buying a TB for racing and not knowing what is under that plain bay wrapping or spending $$$$$ on a dressage prospect and not knowing to whom that plain bay is related.