I have a very similar situation and wanted my keyboard this morning to type it out in case it helps you. I have a 3 1/2 yr old QH gelding I bought because he’s super calm. He was broke this summer, had 3 months of training and was really pushed by that trainer. I rode every week in a lesson through his training then brought him home. To start he was super responsive but very shut down mentally, even on the ground his personality was different. He did what I asked but wasn’t “happy” about his job and was stressed. I took it back a few steps allowed him to settle and think a bit more. I taught him some new skills and exercises and he was great.
I trailered him off property for the first time to my trainer’s barn to take a lesson just to make sure he was ok, wasn’t going to be spooky etc. There was a lot going on that day, mare galloping around hollering, atv being driven by the neighbor, another neighbor was mowing the lawn all within sight. The whole lesson I had a really really hard time getting him to move at all even with a crop. I finally stopped and asked my trainer what the heck is going on??? So we had a really long talk and she explained to me that in her experience there are two kinds of horses, those that outwardly react to new/scary thing who might spook, whinny, jig etc and those who process and need to process when something is outside of their comfort zone and my gelding is that. I’ve honestly never owned a horse like that.
She pointed out that his ears were constantly flicking around and one was consistently back on me like…what do I do. So we actually let him chill out halted while we talked to let him take it all in. Wouldn’t you know then when I asked him to move forward he did and we had a better second half of the ride.
Back home I then really paid attention to when he would try or succeed in stopping and I really watched his behavior more. He’s not a horse to dramatically show you he’s scared but now I can tell. At my barn I was riding for the first time with a kid on a pony in a lesson and all he wanted to do was stop and stare so in the beginning I went to the middle and let him. We stood for awhile watching half of the lesson. He may have outwardly looked like he was half asleep just standing there calm but he was really paying attention with his ears to where that pony was. His “tell” when he’s more comfortable is to take a really big deep sigh. Every time he does that I know that I can then move off and he’s able to focus on me and what I’m asking.
My horse isn’t openly disrespecting me, the prior trainer and I’m sure other riders could use a crop or spurs to “make” him respond and listen. He’s not not moving forward because he’s being an ass or doesn’t want to work he’s doing it because he’s unsure or scared. Each and every time we work through something “new” by letting him process then fairly pushing him forward (he never gets out of the task at hand he just gets a bit more time) his confidence builds and he gets better and better. A few months ago I could not keep the trot if another horse was trotting in the ring, now we can trot past, be passed or trot away from another horse.
A few weeks after my off property lesson I took him camping/trail riding and he was a SAINT. We led, he helped another young horse get over their fears of water. He trucked me up and down steep mountain hills, through mud and water. I don’t think it would have been as calm and successful of a weekend if I continued to just make him listen to me without me listening to him. I’m sure in the future we’ll have some embarrassing moments at shows or out riding with friends where he stops or wants to stare and not move but that’s ok because I know on the other side of that we’ll have a great partnership and the more I can expose him too the better he’ll get.