There are some horses who are inherently willing. But it’s definitely not all of them.
I’ve trained a number of horses. Green and unspoilt horses are easy. Fixing other people’s mistakes is not.
One of them that I have right now doesn’t move under saddle. Literally rooted to the ground. Will not walk forward. Thankfully doesn’t rear, just totally stuck.
It’s not because he was smacked. I watched her try to “train” him. She was really nice. She thought that maybe cookies or wiggling him off balance or trying to spin him in a circle would work. Hot tip. It didn’t. I watched him actively try to take off her head one day - open mouth, coming at her from behind.
He is the type that responds to most things with a “try me” attitude. He touched the hot wire multiple times with his nose, trying to figure out if it was hot all over or just in this one area. He is not a willing horse by nature.
He now goes forward from a cluck on the ground and when the weather relents we’ll transfer that to the saddle. He is not an amateur friendly horse, and quite frankly he was going to be put down before I stepped in and said I’d give him a shot.
I’m usually a last stop before the kill pen, because I have become known as someone who works with the weird ones.
And 99% of them come from spoiling, not from hitting.
Keep in mind, I’m not saying to go around smacking your horses good lord, no. But you have a fraction of a second for real discipline and if you are too afraid to use it when you need it, it’s a problem.