The problem with many problem cats is that, to may people, getting/having a cat is an easy ‘extra.’
We’ll tailor or homes, schedules, lifestyles, etc around other pets…but not cats. We tend to consider them “add-ons” like options as opposed to very distinct animals with very distinct needs to be happy.
Definitely NOT saying we don’t care about or love our feline buddies, it’s just that unlike puppies they don’t really require training for behavior or being housebroken.
Except for adding a litterbox, few toys and a bed we don’t give them much in the way of habitat or enrichment. Heck, we even give gerbils, hamsters and birds more in the way of happy environments than we tend to do with cats. We’re not neglecting them on purpose, but it often ends up that way even when they’re well fed and healthy.
Cats have an instinctual need to climb and use those claws. They love being up high and even if they’re not acting skittish they’re often not happy being on the ground all the time. Then we give them heck for using our furniture and walls to claw or try to get up higher.
Cat trees are excellent and most good breeders won’t sell a kitten to a house without at least a cat tree. And not one of the low ones. They understand cats. 
You can alter your home for the cat as well as yourselves and still have it look great. Floating shelves staggered up a wall looks nice and gives cats climbing places and high spots to hang out and watch their little world go by below. Putting a cat bed on top of kitchen cabinets gives them a great high spot, too. Or on top of the fridge.
You can buy inexpensive but nicely colored/printed hall runner carpets and hang them vertically on a wall as a decoration like a tapestry for cats to climb. Add a narrow shelf bed to the top as a bonus.
You can fit a window with a cat cage for warmer days for your indoor kitty to enjoy the outdoors safely. Also hang a cat hammock to one or two windowsills so they have a spy-spot to outside. Hanging a bird feeder outside of those windows helps, LOL! 
Some low hidey-holes are a good idea, too. You can put a skirt around the bottom of a wing chair for a cat-cave underneath. Or a high plate rail around a room as a cat-walk.
And at least once every single day plan to play with your cat for 15 minutes. Just like dogs, they need both exercise and habitat enrichment. They need to chase, catch and tackle stuff. Despite being sedentary most of the time, they definitely require that short time to stalk and pounce and run every single day.
There are also food puzzles you can get for them to bat around and get treats out of or you can hide a few small tidbits around the house every single day.
One they can act like a cat, move like a cat and get up high and climb and claw and chase and pounce like a cat…they almost always stop destroying things you don’t want them to destroy. We can’t just drop a cat in the house with a toy and a litterbox and expect every single one to be happy and well adjusted. A cat-unfriendly house for an indoor cat is like keeping a horse stall bound 24/7. 