It really depends on how much driving you are doing and what kind.
Brake pads you will have to replace regularly. If you are someone with a big commute (think driving into a major city) you’ll have a shorter brake pad lifespan. The general rule is between 10-20k. Do I do that, as someone that works on their own cars? Nah. Never. I usually wait until I can see the pads are at the end of their life. I replace my brake pads about once a year. You can look at the brake pads and rotors of your vehicle without taking the wheel off in most cars - it’s good to eyeball them as the season goes.
Rotors you are supposed to replace every 50k or so. But if you stay on top of brake maintenance, you won’t need to replace them as often. They will become damaged by brake pads if you allow the pads to wear through their composite to the point it’s metal on metal. You will hear it if it gets to that point, and there will be scores along the rotors.
Calipers are more complicated. You may find you never need to replace them, you may find you need to replace them when you do your brakes and rotors. The pins in calipers can become stuck, or the calipers can fail to apply pressure, or they can leak brake fluid - as they get older it’s worth pulling them off and looking them over. I replaced all of my calipers on my F350 last summer just so I knew where I was starting as a baseline.
Brake hoses you’d probably want to look at once the car is more than fifteen years old. Hoses work until they don’t. But when they don’t work they can cause failure or seizure in other parts of the truck.
And as far as the brake line — this I’ve only ever replaced when it failed, but maybe if I replaced it sooner it wouldn’t have ever failed on me.
You should look at brake pads and rotor replacement as a regular scheduled maintenance for your vehicle — think like twice yearly dental checkup for your horse. It’s expensive but it’s worth it - you need to be able to stop.
And don’t ever put off doing your brakes. That is how SO lost his favorite car… his brakes were still functional but bad — he got cut off awfully by a teen that pulled out on top of him and he ended up rear ending her.
Find out what your shop did last time. A “brake job” doesn’t always mean all components. It could be they replaced your pads but not your rotors. It could be they did the whole thing.