FYI- Angola or LSP is situated on 18,000 acres at the far end of Louisiana Highway 66-- formerly known to locals as “the Angola Road” but now officially known as “The Tunica Trace.” The prison grounds are surrounded on three sides by the Mississippi River, and on the fourth by the inhospitable and wild Tunica Hills- known to be home to several black bears and rumored to harbor several panthers-- cougars. Of course there are also lots of snakes, raccoons, opossums and millions of biting insects in those hills. There is only one paved road in or out-- the aforementioned LA Hwy 66.
It was originally a privately-owned plantation whose owner leased convicts from the state to work on his plantation-- a practice that was fairly common in the 19th century. Eventually he sold out to the State of Louisiana, and the state acquired more of the adjacent land. My late husband’s family and later he owned the plantation adjacent to the prison known as the Rowe Plantation. Anyway, there are two prehistoric Native American mounds just outside the front gates at Angola.
The warden and many of the guards and their families actually live on Angola. The prison has its own radio station KLSP - The Incarceration Station, its own award-winning magazine The Angolite, medical facilities, various industrial areas, an auto shop-- and of course, the license plate factory. It has its own US Post Office and zip code, a grocery store for the “free people” who live or work there, a cemetery and a museum with a gift shop.
Inmates who die and are buried at Angola are carried to their final resting place in a reproduction of a 19th century horse-drawn hearse built by the inmates themselves. A black Percheron pulls the hearse. Warden Cain believes that these men deserve a dignified funeral and burial.
The prison farm produces many of the vegetables eaten at the prison, cotton, cattle and horses. There is also a breeding kennel where the famed and feared Angola Chase Team Bloodhounds are raised and housed.
At one time, Angola had the deserved reputation as the bloodiest prison in the South, if not the nation. Inmate guards were used and inmates considered dangerous or flight risks were sent to the infamous Red Hat lock down building. Death sentences were carried out by electrocution.
Beginning in the 1960s a series of reform-minded wardens and DOC secretaries as well as the Federal courts began cleaning up and reforming Angola. No prison is a “nice” place to be, and the most of the men at Angola-- no women prisoners live at Angola–are in there because they were convicted of violent crimes including murder and rape. But Angola today is not the “lawless” place it once was. Inmates even have several organizations, and chapels and other places of worship. Warden Cain and other administrators encourage inmate ivolvement in organized religious services and in civic-minded organizations at the prison. And of course there’s the Angola Rodeo and the inmate craft show and sale.
Probably Angola’s two most famous former inmates are Wilbert Rideau and Billy Wayne Sinclair – both sent to Angola on murder charges. They were former co-editors of The Angolite. Rideau was granted a new trial and won his freedom fairly recently. He is now a published author with a book about his life experiences and has married. Sinclair testified against crooked politicians involved an a “pardons selling scheme.” Sinclair is still a prisoner, though he was moved from Angola for his own protection. Sinclair, who did not actually kill anyone-- he was with someone who killed a store clerk during a robbery, is still trying to win parole.
The children of the LSP employees go to school at nearby Tunica Elementary, but travel some 45 minutes down to Bains to attend West Feliciana Middle and West Feliciana High School.
The public may visit Angola and its museum and gift shop. All vehicles are subject to search coming in and going out and introduction of contraband (weapons of any kind, alcohol or drugs) is prohibited. A tour of Angola is a very interesting experience.
To keep this horse-related-- Since the 19th century the work of the gangs of field workers – chained together in gangs in the past–hence chain gangs – was overseen by guards mounted on horses.
Even during the period when inmate guards were used, the field hands were guarded by mounted men. Yes, shades of the overseer of the Old South. In the past, these guards sometimes carried bull whips in addition to shotguns. Even today, mounted guards go out with the gangs of field workers who march to and from the fields in orderly lines. Because “The Farm” relies heavily on mounted guards to keep an eye on the men in the fields, it was natural for the people running Angola to take an interest in breeding horses suited to the task.
Oh, I almost forgot- LSP at Angola also apparently now has its own Facebook page-- can Twitter be far behind?