[QUOTE=Texarkana;8601203]
You have to go back to colonial times and the infancy of the United States to find a significant percentage of races over long distances here. By the early 1800s, dirt oval racing clubs took over in popularity in this country and we haven’t looked back.
Yet amazing, many folks seem to think they remember these “gold ol’ days” when we bred for long distances in the US.[/QUOTE]
There were 4 mile races up until the Civil War and after. The last was, I believe, in the 1880s. In fact, a world record for 4 miles was set in 1874 by Fellowcraft. https://archive.org/stream/americanthorou00trev/americanthorou00trev_djvu.txt
From The American Thoroughbred published in 1905 which talks about the transition:
This much is given of Alarm to show the dif-
ference between the type of horse that was racing
in Lexington’s day and the type that had already
begun to be prominent as early as 1871. There
were still horses capable of going a distance and
raced at those distances for years after this, but
Alarm was the first of the sprinting kind of which
Voter was the last distinguished representative
which we had on the American turf. The four-
miler died hard.
Ten Broeck won the four-mile heat race in
1876 at Baltimore, called the Bowie Stakes,
and that gave him the first of his real fame.
He was by the English horse Phaeton out of
Fanny Holton by Lexington out of Nantura,
who was the dam of Longfellow. “Uncle” John
Harper, the man who brought Longfellow North
to beat Harry Bassett, also bred Ten Broeck.
Ten Broeck was saved until he was a three-year-
old, and then he began a career that made him
look like a champion. There were a great many
good horses out in his day, but Ten Broeck kept
pace with the very best of them. He was not
trained as carefully as he might have been, and
he was beaten at times when it would seem that
he outclassed his field.