[QUOTE=Laurierace;8759622]
While I agree with you, it is important to remember that there was a time when there were pretty much zero fractures that we could fix. Many jingles for as good of a recovery as possible.[/QUOTE]
Oh, I know. I wasn’t being critical, just lamenting.
My mom broke her hip recently. Seeing the x-ray… it would have been the end of her, completely unfixable, except that they now can do a hip replacement. With the femur replaced, they had her up and walking as soon as she was lucid after anesthesia. Just stunning that that could work.
Those dang little sesamoid bones suck.
I found this kind of cool article about the mechanics of condylar fractures in racehorses. Probably old news to most of you but I found the comments about how the joint surface can’t remodel and how the remodeling process can temporarily lead to weakness was kind of interesting - I also didn’t realize that these fractures were uncommon in 2 year olds but common in 3 year olds.
http://veterinarynews.dvm360.com/condylar-fractures-number-one-fracture-affecting-racing-thoroughbreds?id=&pageID=1&sk=&date=
Funded by the Washington State Horse Council, radiography and MRI were performed on all horses that came to Washington State University for necropsy. Occasionally, a computed tomography (CT) scan and nuclear scintigraphy were performed as well. The emphasis of the research, according to Russell Tucker, DVM, Dipl. ACVR, chief of radiology at WSU’s College of Veterinary Medicine, and resident graduate student Tom Wilkinson, was to recognize underlying pathology in which MRI shows changes that are not seen on radiographs and seldom seen on CT scans. MRI and radiographic studies identified patterns associated with fractures in these horses. Those with catastrophic fractures in one limb often showed evidence of microfractures in the contralateral limb as well. “The leg with a condylar fracture would essentially explode,” Tucker says. “Often in the contralateral limb of the same horse, we’d see preexisting small breakdowns—contusions or stress fractures in the osteum.”
According to Tucker, the microfracturing in the contralateral leg was not noticeable when the legs were looked at grossly unlike other regions common for stress fractures where a periosteal reaction is often visible.
“I know of one horse that actually had three condylar fractures in its racing career and actually broke three different condyles in three different legs,” Judy says. “And after each one, he went on to race and win.”
Lining up the fractured bone exactly with the parent bone is something most experienced surgeons can do quite nicely, particularly with the help of digital radiography or fluoroscopic control. “The biggest concern with all of these, particularly displaced fractures, is the damage to the backside of the joint, where the cartilage is lost, because of the small fragments that develop there,” Nixon says. “Those crumbly fragments might be only a couple of millimeters across, but they are a key element to returning horses to their true athletic function and should be removed.”
The fragments can be difficult to get out or even visualize. And while the bigger fragments can be locked back into position with the screw repair, the smaller comminuted pieces lead to progressive arthritis and need to be removed. “Once you get them out, you’re going to get a better response,” Nixon says. "Doing the screw insertion is only a small part of the surgery; the key is cartilage repair. I think when we get better at doing cartilage cell grafts, or stem cell grafts, in these areas we’ll get a better outcome.
Lots of super interesting stuff about how the condylar fracture is just the obvious thing that gets everyone’s attention, but that successful healing requires looking at the underlying disease and cartilage, as well as their attempts to create a practical way to scan horses without symptoms.