Spring has sprung and I think I may finally have cracked the nut that is my mare 
The breakthrough really started when I took her for yet another exam by my sports med vet (Post #80), where we (again) could not find anything to explain her behavior. I have always kinda wondered about repro-related issues, so that day kinda lead me down that rabbit hole, with a series of ultrasounds and behavior tracking. I began to suspect is that unlike most “problem” mares, mine is not having a problem with bad heats, but something with follicles once they get to a certain size. This theory has basically been confirmed by a protocol of shots of progesterone & estradiol (“P&E”), which, if I understand correctly, effectively keep the ovaries and follicles very small. The change has been really astounding. It has been unusually cold this past week and I have had zero issues riding her. Two days before I had started the P&E protocol, it was hot day and she felt so explosive that I called it a day when we were able to trot two circles without incident. Two days into the P&E shots, we were cantering small jumps without drama.
Finally one of the many vets I have talked with has given the best explanation as to why my mare’s behavior is “good” in the summer. It is not because it’s hot and she’s “lazy” in the hot weather, but that the cycles are very short at that time of year, so more likely what is happening is that the follicles get large very quickly and regress very quickly, so she has a much shorter period of discomfort. (I hope I am explaining this correctly - I am learning as I go too.) This checks out in my experience with her - and was always easily dismissed as just a “bad day” because horses are not robots
Unfortunately she is likely one of the mares who cycles year round and the cycles are much longer the rest of the year, and therefore she ends up uncomfortable for much longer periods the rest of the year.
I know I am just an anonymous nobody on the internet so no one knows my competence, but I never really believed it was my riding or lack of groundwork that was the whole problem here. I really always believed there was something physical going on but nothing really has ever added up right.
As promised, this update is to help anyone else who may be struggling similarly. I have spoken to many vets and still feel like the only thing I’ve really feel that I’ve done right is to not sell her to someone else to deal with or send her to some cowboy to “fix.” Next steps are to see if progesterone alone will be enough to keep her comfortable, or if I should consider an ovariectomy, which would have its own potential risks/downsides. But that will be a story for another day 