Weak foal, crooked legs, hematoma in mare?? Very overwhelmed...

My mare foaled 9 days ago. Her foal was born very weak - did not stand up on his own, and mare did not make enough (if any) colostrum. I had to help him up to nurse after 2.5 hours, and even then he did not nurse well on his first night. Vet came out first thing in the morning to pull bloodwork, then came back to give foal a dose of Exceed and give him a liter of plasma. Blood pulled the next day said IGG was >800 and blood values were normal. Comments on bill were - foal very thin and weak, mild heart murmur from patent foramen ovale, slight crackles in lungs bilateral, flexor tendon laxity bilateral hindlimbs with suspected medial rotational deformity of pastern left hind, flexor tendon contracture bilateral forelimbs.

Over the week he has improved - is now nursing well and running around stall, but mare not making enough milk, so put her on domperidone. That did not make much of a difference so we are evaluating mare’s nutritional needs and started incorporating a higher-carb feed to see if that helps. Foals lungs and heart now sound normal.

He has improved a lot in his hindlimbs, but is still walking a bit on his heel bulbs with toes a bit in the air (1 cm or so). His forelimbs so far have stayed about the same. He is slightly buckled over at the knee and his extensor tendons in front pop out on whichever limb he is bearing weight on. We are waiting on giving oxytetracycline due to the hindlimb flexor tendon laxity.

Mare and foal have been on stall rest since birth because of the forelimb contracture.

At check today, foal’s assessment was “about the same” as 5 days ago. We checked mare for re-breeding and she was found to have a 6cm hematoma in her broad ligament. Vet said this indicated bleeding and that she was at high risk to bleed out if she was re-bred.

My questions are:

With mild tendon contracture, how long does it take for foals to straighten usually? How long before oxytetracycline is given and how does that affect any laxity in hindlimbs?

With mild tendon laxity, how long does it take them to walk normally before you think about adding heel extensions?

For bleeding in mares into the broad ligament - is this normal? Has anyone had this happen? Is my mare going to die if I re-breed her?

I’m very overwhelmed with all this information. I’ve had the vet out essentially every other day since the foal has been born to look at him and the mare, check bloodwork and legs etc. I want to do the best thing for both of them and I’m just interested in anyone else’s experiences with these types of things. TIA.

<<<Mare and foal have been on stall rest since birth because of the forelimb contracture.>>
I feel this is the wrong thing to do with foal. After 30+ years of breeding all our foals went outside as soon as possible. Even the filly who sucked in so much fluid that she could not stand on her own was outside within a few days. It is amazing how crooked they can be at birth and how exercise straightens them out.
(veterinarian said she was so bad that is I had forced her to walk down the isle way she would pass out. Ended up helping her get up for 36 hours)
You may want to check the mare’s selenium blood levels.

Good luck with your foal. There is a great chance he will be fine.

Contracture can take several weeks to straighten out- ESP with little exercise. I would try wrapping the forelimbs with or without splints. I usually will leave on 12 hours, then off 12 hours. Oxy tet will make the rear ones worse, so don’t do that right now.
Lax tendons behind- try taping a small heel extension on. Farrier can make one with Equilox, use elasticon- can remove as needed
6 cms is a very small hematoma. Mares can be successfully rebred. They may or may not have an increased risk of a future bleed. More of an issue with older mares. I have rebred several and they did not have another incidence, but can’t be ruled out.
Take a deep breath. Pm me if you want

I would do as elizabeth suggests. If the contracture is mild, I would do a stacked wrap without splints. You are less likely to get pressure sores.

Using pillows and standing wraps, wrap the lower leg, then stack a second wrap above, going up to the elbow. Elastikon around the top, taping directly to the foals leg will keep it from slipping down. Remove and rewrap every 12 hours. I had one so badly contracted he could not stand. He resolved in three days of wrapping. No oxy-tet.

If your mare doesn’t increase milk production, I highly recommend “Foals First” by Progressive. It is designed to supplement foals under four months old who are nursing, but not getting enough nutrition. It is a milk based small pellet. At your foals age, it is fed free choice. I have set up a creep feed in the stall. (you will need a way to keep the mare from eating it all herself, they love it) Progressive will be happy to talk with you and answer any questions 1-888-239-3185.

It always amazes me how much early intervention can resolve when it comes to crooked legs. Keep us updated, we are all wishing you the best! :slight_smile:

Foal Aide or Rejuvenaide is a must in a situation like yours in my opinion. It does sound like things are improving from your description so hopefully you are on an upward trend. Jingles.

Foal Aide or Rejuvenaide work great! Progressive also makes a more concentrated product you can get through your vet.

I sound like a Progressive rep, but I don’t even use their regular feeds, LOL. They do make great products for foals!

I was told better to leave him in because of risk of flexor tendon rupture (and I do NOT want that!!!).

I wholeheartedly agree on the Progressive Rejuvenaide or Buckeye Foal Aid. What is the mare’s diet? More carbs isn’t the answer, more nutrition probably is. More food in general? What brands do you have access to?

It’s an uncommon foal that isn’t born “slightly buckled over at the knee”. Many are also born quite down behind. I haven’t heard of strict stall rest for just those things, so I too am confused as to why the vet thinks he’ll rupture a tendon :confused:

The front leg issue is from muscles that are tight, and while you don’t want him racing around all day long or they’ll get tighter, they do need to work so they learn to lengthen and stretch, which is what allows the leg to straighten.
The hing leg issue is weakness, which doesn’t improve by bopping around a stall - needs turnout to strengthen the muscles.

So you can see how both problems benefit from turnout. Appropriate turnout - doesn’t have to be a 10 acre field and it doesn’t have to be 24x7. If you have a way to allow a small paddock attachment to the stall, that gives him room to move but not a lot or room to zoom. If he does zoom zoom, he’s going to tire himself out and put himself on self-rest, so that’s ok. He might not feel balanced enough to zoom while his back pasterns are so dropped, so more self-regulation.

Is there another vet you can get a 2nd opinion from?

^^THIS^^

In my experience foals need to exercise just as much as they want to. They will also lay down and sleep as much as they need to. Many foals look a bit wonky for the first few days, after all they are very “folded up” in the mare. The ideal situation IMO is a pasture where Mom moves around grazing, foals plays around her and naps when tired.

We all like to see everything in its “place” right out of the box. IME of foaling 20-30 a year at one point the vast majority are “perfect” little horses. But we have had plenty that were a bit of a wreck. One in particular last year. One of these days I will post the before and after pictures so people can sleep a bit easier if theirs looks anyway close. Take everyone’s suggestions/advice with a grain of salt. I have seen pictures of foals posted that IMO and experience were mild issues at best. The advice/suggestions were IMO and experience way over the top and completely unnecessary. Especially when it came to splinting, massaging etc.

Pictures speak a 1000 words and we don’t have any to work with. So, all things being equal I can tell you foals can and do make a dramatic turnaround in 4 to 6 weeks by and large. But there are “procedures” that can help make sure things go in the right “direction”. But the window of opportunity diminishes with time. Unless your vet has a LOT of experience the value of their advice is very limited IMO. IMO people that breed and foal in areas who only have access to general practitioners should consult with experts in the foaling capital of this country, Lexington Kentucky. Take some really good pictures and call Rood and Riddle or Haygards in Lex KY and ask for a consultation. Email the pictures and talk about the situation. Over 8,000 foals are born each year in the Lexington area. These vets see more foals with issues in one breeding season than most vets will see in a life time.

Again, not seeing pictures I am hesitant to give suggestions and or advice. But based on the written description of things I wouldn’t keep the little bugger stall confined. In just about all cases limited turn out in a small porta-paddock for a couple of hours a day is what we do. We move the paddock panels each day so the mare has some grass.

So, that’s the long of it. I wouldn’t worry too much with only 9 days since foaling. 4 to 6 weeks will give you an idea of what the future should look like. We have had foals “walking” on the hind pasterns that have come completely “right” in this time frame. With foals that have contracted front legs, walking on tippy toes, we wrap at night. The added “heat” tends to change things quite quickly. Never had to resort to “meds”. That’s not saying there is a time and place. But if the vet is working out of a “book” instead of a LOT of experience that’s generally the direction they tend to go in. Fair enough. We rarely have to splint anything. When we have we use/make “field fabricated” to suite the foal out of cut to measure and heat bent PVC pipe. With lots of padding. Monitored and changed regularly. No one in the TB world uses “dyna splints” by and large. They have been pretty much dismissed as being beneficial and not worth the time and hassle not only to the caretaker but the foal also. To each their own on these things.

You gotta love vet “speak”. I tell mine to write up things using “barn”, “horseman” terminology that my owners will understand.

I never wait more than an hour to 1 ½ hours at most for a “weak” foal to nurse. They only get weaker. I always milk and bottle feed. It is important to bottle feed the foal in its “natural” nursing position to avoid any chances of it aspirating milk. We also keep a couple of bags of frozen colostrum on hand. IMO any competent Repro vet should have some “banked” and give to a client in case it is needed. If it is not they can take it back. Milking a mare with a small bag will stimulate more milk production in short order in most cases. So when the foal is strong enough and goes to the milk bar the mare will be ready. I have found over the years the size of a mare’s udder is not always indicative of how much milk she is producing. Especially in the first week or so. Just like humans they come in all sizes. And pretty much all do the “job” just fine.

As to your mare, again we are not working with words/description from the “horse’s mouth”. So, it would be out of line to second guess the person who has hands on. But IMO it sounds like they are being a bit conservative. It is a judgment call as to breed her back or not. But this judgment call should be made by someone who has had a LOT of experience with lots of mares over many years.

A quick internet search gave me this for an example.

“Per rectal palpation on day 3 revealed findings highly indicative of a massive hematoma within the broad ligament of the uterus. The palpated hematoma mass was as large as a volleyball and located in the area adjacent to the right uterine horn”

“On day 30 after delivery, the treatment was discontinued. Afterwards, the horse was pasture-sound and required no medication. On day 80 after parturition, she was covered by a stallion and became pregnant in the same season. The mare had bred a healthy term foal through the normal delivery in the next season. No definite areas of hematoma within the broad ligament of the uterus after delivery either by rectal palpation or ultrasonography were revealed.”

The complete article can be found here;

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4013962/

The above is not necessarily meant as “advise” I am not in the “stall”. It is based on my experience as someone who does this for a living. All or none of it may apply to what you have going on.

[QUOTE=TigerTrick;8077021]
I was told better to leave him in because of risk of flexor tendon rupture (and I do NOT want that!!!).[/QUOTE]

Depending on the severity of the contracture, this can be a real danger. I had a filly foal rupture her extensor tendon at 3 days because I let her out for 10 mins while I cleaned the stall.

She got to bucking and that was that. Was in a cast for the next 6 weeks (changed every 6-10 days to allow for growth). Several sores resulting for cast.

Even more confinement.

Generally I am all on board with turn out, but if your foal is REALLY contracted (mine was walking on her tippy-toes), there can be a problem.

Can you post pics? Soon the window for the best results w/ oxytet will be closed. Difficult call.

[QUOTE=TigerTrick;8077021]
I was told better to leave him in because of risk of flexor tendon rupture (and I do NOT want that!!!).[/QUOTE]

Who told you this?

My contracted foal (walking on tippy-toes and knuckling forward onto front of fetlock) was confined due to real risk of tendon rupture. He was wrapped and splinted for weeks.

But I have had (and seen) plenty of foals ‘slightly over at the knee’ that have lived out and straightened fine.

Be careful the heels on the lax hind limbs don’t get bruised. If he is turned out, be sure the ground soft, preferably with springy grass :slight_smile:

ETA: In my contracted foal it was the extensor tendon that runs down the front of the cannon that was at risk of rupture not the flexor tendon. I’m not sure why the flexor tendon would be under strain in a contracted foal…?

We had a mare one year with a hematoma the vet described as “basketball size”. She was a TB and the vet said breeding live cover would be very risky, breeding A I would be a little risky (not an option anyway). By the late fall it had reabsorbed without treatment and she went on to have 5 or 6 more foals without issue, all produced via live cover and born normally.

[QUOTE=2enduraceriders;8077558]
Who told you this?[/QUOTE]

Read my post. I guarantee you it is a VERY real danger if the contracture is bad enough.

[QUOTE=Kerole;8077561]
My contracted foal (walking on tippy-toes and knuckling forward onto front of fetlock) was confined due to real risk of tendon rupture. He was wrapped and splinted for weeks.

But I have had (and seen) plenty of foals ‘slightly over at the knee’ that have lived out and straightened fine.

Be careful the heels on the lax hind limbs don’t get bruised. If he is turned out, be sure the ground soft, preferably with springy grass :slight_smile:

ETA: In my contracted foal it was the extensor tendon that runs down the front of the cannon that was at risk of rupture not the flexor tendon. I’m not sure why the flexor tendon would be under strain in a contracted foal…?[/QUOTE]

Good point! I just skimmed the post, but you are correct – it is the extensor tendon that is in danger. Perhaps the OP misunderstood?

[QUOTE=Laurierace;8076940]
Foal Aide or Rejuvenaide is a must in a situation like yours in my opinion. It does sound like things are improving from your description so hopefully you are on an upward trend. Jingles.[/QUOTE]

I know I am in the minority here, but I was very underwhelmed with Rejuvenaide. I gave it for 6 weeks and yes, the foal straightened out some…but I have the feeling he would have straightened out the same amount in those 6 wks.

Still, it can’t hurt and it’s not that expensive. And Gumtree is correct – without pics we really can’t comment intelligently. Unless the front legs are horribly contracted, I would put the foal on HIGHLY SUPERVISED turn-out.

And the glue-on or paint-on extensions for the rear legs is a good idea as well.

[QUOTE=Kyzteke;8077928]
Read my post. I guarantee you it is a VERY real danger if the contracture is bad enough.[/QUOTE]

I was asking the OP to determine if it was advise from the veterinarian who has seen the foal or online advise from who knows where.
Without pictures all the OP can receive is anecdotal stories that may or may not apply to her foal.

The fact that she is asking an online community would indicate that the veterinarian does not have much experience or that as the mare and foal owner the OP knows something is still not right and does need more treatment ideas.

[QUOTE=2enduraceriders;8078008]
I was asking the OP to determine if it was advise from the veterinarian who has seen the foal or online advise from who knows where.
Without pictures all the OP can receive is anecdotal stories that may or may not apply to her foal.

The fact that she is asking an online community would indicate that the veterinarian does not have much experience or that as the mare and foal owner the OP knows something is still not right and does need more treatment ideas.[/QUOTE]

Was not trying to offend, but as to your comment, tons of folks actually trust anonymous BBs more then they trust their vet(s). Often they are right to do so. I was confirming that whoever told her that was correct…it CAN be a danger. It costs me thousands of dollars to find it out and ruined a good foal.

If I was in the OP’s shoes I’d want to know this, especially with so many posters advocating turn out.